Clavicle Fracture

The clavicle fracture can be a common sports injury, especially in contact or collision sports like football or rugby. The clavicle is also known as the collar bone.



What causes a fractured clavicle, and what should you do about it when it happens? All good questions...and I am glad you asked.

How it Occurs

One of the most common ways it occurs is falling on an outstretched arm. As your body weight lands on your arm, it forces the humerus into the shoulder joint, and the forces transferred up the arm, if great enough, can cause the clavicle to fracture.

Another mechanism that can cause a broken clavicle is to take a direct blow or hit to the collar bone. While football players wear pads, this is sometimes not enough to stop a fracture from happening. And rugby players don't wear any pads at all, so it is easy to see how this can happen with them. It takes quite a bit of force to fracture a bone, so not only will there be injury to the clavicle, but also to the surrounding soft tissue.

Symptoms

The most common symptom is pain. It is generally localized to the area of injury, right along the fracture site. There may also be some localized swelling over the gone, and it may be a little deformed, depending on the severity of the fracture. Looking at a clavicle fracture in the mirror, you may see a "step off deformity", where the bone seems to drop in the middle. You may also experience grinding or popping when you move your arm, as the ends of the bone may be moving against each other.

Treatment

Diagnosis of a broken collar bone must be done by a physician. If you have any of the above symtpoms, you should see your family doctor for an X-ray. This will show if the bone has been broken.

 Depending on the severity of the fracture, and whether or not it is displaced, you will be placed in a sling for a few weeks as the bone heals.

If the fracture is severe, or the ends of the bones are not aligned, surgery may be required in order to get the bones to heal correctly. Your physician will be able to decide if surgery is needed.

Rehabilitation

Many clavicle fractures do not require surgery. They do however benefit from shoulder rehab. Exercises to restore range of motion, strength, and shoulder function are essential.

After you are able to remove the sling and start using your arm again, talk to your physician about rehab for your shoulder. It will speed your recovery and help you get the best possible outcome.

Summary

Clavicle fractures are common sports injuries with sports like football and rugby. They can occur from falling on an outstretched arm, or from a direct blow. They usually require use of a sling for several weeks, and may require surgery depending on the severity. If you think you may have broken your clavicle, please see your physician as soon as possible.

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